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Argentina: Facts & Stats

Demographics | Economy | TRANSPORTATION  | Culture

TRANSPORTATION

Roads:

Since Argentina is almost 4,000 kilometres long and more than 1,000 km wide, long distance transportation is of great importance. Several toll expressways spread out from Buenos Aires, serving nearly half the nation's population. The majority of Argentine roads, however, are two-lane national and provincial routes and, though they are spread throughout the country, less than a third of Argentina's 230,000 km (145,000 mi) of roads are currently paved.

Though, by 1929, Argentina was already home to over 400,000 vehicles (more than half the total in Latin America, at the time), virtually all long-distance travel was done on the nation's vast railways. Argentina, then, lacked a road-building program until 1932, when the National Highway Directorate was established. Paid for at first with an excise tax on gasoline, the bureau could claim some important accomplishments, like the 1951 opening of the 200 km Santa Fe-Rosario expressway, Latin America's first. In all, however, progress on this front has been slow and the country's paved road network (72,000 km/45,000 mi) is today less than half of Brazil's and a third less than Mexico's.

Argentina is home to around 9.2 million registered cars, trucks and buses; on a per capita basis, it has long had Latin America's widest accessibility to motor vehicles. Left-lane drivers until 1945, Argentine motorists have since been driving on the right-hand side. Expressways have been recently doubled in length (to nearly 1600 km/1000 mi) and now link most (though not all) important cities. The most important of these is probably the Panamerican National Route 9 Buenos Aires–Rosario–Córdoba freeway (the stretch between Rosario and Cordoba is under construction). In all, the Argentine road system, although extensive, does not cover the country entirely. The longest continuous highways are National Route 40, a 5000-km stretch along the Andes range and the 3000-km sea-side trunk road National Route 3, running from Buenos Aires to Ushuaia.

Railroads:

Long-distance passenger services

Services on Argentina's passenger railway system, once extensive and prosperous, were greatly reduced in 1993 following the break-up of Ferrocarriles Argentinos (FA), the now-defunct state railroad corporation.

Since that date, however, several private and provincial railway companies have been created and have resurrected some of the major passenger trains that FA once operated. The railway network is, however, far smaller than it once was.

Trenes de Buenos Aires, Ferrocentral, Ferrobaires, and Tren Patagónico are some of the private companies which now manage Argentina's long distance passenger rail network.

High-speed rail

A high-speed rail between Buenos Aires, Rosario and Córdoba with speeds up to 320 km/h is in the design stages, construction will begin by early-2009 until the end of 2012 for the first segment to Rosario.

In 2007 bids were called for a turnkey contract for a second high speed line, linking Buenos Aires and Mendoza.

In February 2008 national government announced another call for bid, this time for construction of a high speed train linking Buenos Aires and Mar del Plata; The Mar del Plata TAVe.

Freight sevice

Over 25 million tons of freight were transported by rail in 2007. Currently, five carriers operate freight rail services in Argentina:
  • Nuevo Central Argentino
  • Ferroexpreso Pampeano
  • Ferrosur Roca
  • América Latina Logística
  • Belgrano Cargas
Tourist railways A number of steam powered heritage railways (tourist trains) are in operation; the Old Patagonian Express (locally known as “La Trochita”) in Patagonia, the Train of the End of the World (Southern Fuegian Railway) in Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego and a short run Tren Histórico de Bariloche.

A diesel-electric Tren a las Nubes in the province of Salta runs from the city of Salta to San Antonio de los Cobres, (at present this service is being restored).

International rail links to adjacent countries
  • Bolivia - 1,000 mm (3 ft 33?8 in) gauge both countries.
  • Brazil - break of gauge, 1,435 mm (4 ft 81?2 in) gauge (Argentina)/1,000 mm (3 ft 33?8 in) gauge (Brazil).
  • Chile - IRJ of March 2005 reports construction started to build/restore South Trans-Andean Railway link between Zapala, Argentina and Lonquimay, Chile. 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) gauge both countries.
  • Paraguay - 1,435 mm (4 ft 81?2 in) gauge both countries.
  • Uruguay - 1,435 mm (4 ft 81?2 in) gauge both countries.
  • Transandine Railway between Mendoza and Los Andes, now defunct, pending reconstruction. This mountain railway of 1,000 mm (3 ft 33?8 in) gauge with rack railway sections had a break of gauge 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm)/1,000 mm (3 ft 33?8 in) at either end.

Aviation:

Though expensive in comparison with the other means of transportation, air travel is becoming increasingly common. Every provincial capital has its own airport, and there are many others, specially in tourist areas such as Bariloche and El Calafate (see list of airports in Argentina). Most companies have several daily flights to the most popular destinations, and daily or less frequent flights to other destinations. Even though Buenos Aires is the most important flight hub, for both economical and geographical reasons, there are flights between important cities, such as Córdoba, Rosario and Mendoza. The national airline is Aerolíneas Argentinas.

Airports

Total (including airstrips): 1,272 (2007)
    country comparison to the world: 7
With paved runways:
  • Total: 154
  • Over 3,047 m: 4
  • 2,438 to 3,047 m: 26
  • 1,524 to 2,437 m: 65
  • 914 to 1,524 m: 50
  • under 914 m: 9 (2008)
With unpaved runways:
  • Total: 996
  • Over 3,047 m: 1
  • 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
  • 1,524 to 2,437 m: 45
  • 914 to 1,524 m: 526
  • under 914 m: 423 (2008)
Heliports
  • 1 (2007)



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